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Jesuit College in Polotsk
The Jesuit College in Polotsk was a college (equivalent to a secondary school) in Polotsk, then part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and later Russian Empire.
Polish King Stephen Báthory captured Polotsk in 1579 during the Livonian War and invited Jesuits to the city in hopes to lessen the influence of the Eastern Orthodox Church. The Jesuits established a college, modeled after the Jesuit Academy in Vilnius, in 1580. Its first rector was Piotr Skarga.〔(The Open Court, Volume 32, p. 293 )〕 A faculty of philosophy was added in 1649 and a faculty of theology in 1737. After the first partition of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1772, Polotsk became part of the Russian Empire. That saved the college from the suppression of the Jesuits as Russian Empress Catherine the Great did not follow papal decrees. After lobbying by Joseph de Maistre, the college was elevated to an academy (equivalent to a university) in 1812 by Tsar Alexander I of Russia only to be closed eight years later when Alexander I banished the Jesuits from the Russian Empire and closed their schools.〔(Joseph de Maistre and His European Readers: From Friedrich Von Gentz to Isaiah Berlin, p. 223 )〕 Academy's library, which held up to 60,000 volumes, was dispersed among various institutions in Eastern Europe.
The Pontifical Faculty of Theology in Warsaw, established in 1998, claims historical heritage of the Polotsk College.〔(PWTW Collegium Bobolanum Historia )〕 In 2005, former buildings of the college were partially reconstructed and transferred to the Polotsk State University.〔(Учреждение образования «Полоцкий государственный университет» )〕
==References==
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